Music printing device



April 4, 1950 E. J. CLARK MUSIC PRINTING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 28. 1947 INVENTOR m '5. WM

April 4, 1950 E. J. CLARK MUSIC PRINTING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 28, 1947 OGOOQQGGOOGQOOGGOO Nm, Nm, R/ w/ Q\ f my IM/ mm/ om@ n 0 o O o Q 0 o o o e 0 nv o O 0 0 o Q o o o o. O 0 O o o O O o o I /f /f I I I II I u I m\m\w I I I. .v I QN l .j I, m\\ I w I I I VQGGGQIMVGGGQGGGOGGQQGOG I .NSE

ATTORNEY April 4, 1950 E. J. CLARK 2,502,928

` MUSIC PRINTING DEVICE Filed June 28, 1947 4 Sheets-5h86?I 3 )NVENTOFE a). dpr/f2 BY ATTORN EY 4 Sheecs-SheefI 4 E. J. CLARK ATTORN EY lll lll Il MUSIC PRINTING DEVICE April 4, 1950 Filed June 28, 1947 Illllllllllllll Patented Apr. 4, 195.0

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 MUSIC PRINTING DEVICE Edward J. Clark, Bethayres, Pa., assignor to International vBusiness Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application June 28. 1947, Serial No. 757,862

31 Claims. l

The present invention relates in general to music recording devices and more particularly to apparatus for printing a musical composition as it is being originated yby a composer playing a piano or other musical instrument having operating instrumentalities.

The invention relates further to musical composition Writing apparatus for making a permanent record of an original musical composition on music staff paper or paper ruled to receive musical notes so that the music may be read directly from such original impressions or so that it may be readily transcribed with additional no'- tation according to the conventional system of music Writing;

An object oi the invention is to provide' devices ior recording actual note shapes in their proper position with relation to staff lines andv with sharpv and fiat notations directly controlled by the musical instrument.

One oi the objects of the invention is to provide an automatic apparatus which is controlled by thek keyboard or operating instrumentalities of a musical instrument such as piano, organ, trumpet,

etc., whereby the depression ci each key energizes electromechanical circuits connected to corresponding note marking members disposed in operative relation to a strip of note paper propelled at a predetermined speed according to the selected tempo of the music to be played. As an alternative to the recording by mechanical means, it is provided herein that the depression or actuation of each operating instrumentality may cause the dashing ci a masked light to record photographicaliy the various note shapes on a photosensitive paper arranged with the staff lines and propelled for various tempes.

[in object oi the invention is to provide photographic means for' recording actual noteshapes of a plurality of different time values directly from the instrument as played.

A further object of the invention is to provide music recording means to enable a composer to obtain'a permanent and readable record of any original musical composition as it is being played on a musical instrument Without any need for interrupting the playing` A feature of the device is that automatic controls dispense with the need oi attention on the part of the composer. Music recording is generally done by hand step by step by the composer When he plays a chord or two and then stops the composition to write down the particular chord as closely as he is able to remember it. This procedure is repeated with the continuous interruptions having bad eie'ct on the conf 2 tinuity of his work. Often the composer nds it necessary to employ someone capable of transcribing and copying the composition as it seems to impress him. This is a, procedure Which is tedious, inaccurate and expensive and which can be eliminated bythe use of the device of the l present invention.

An object of the invention is to provide recording means adaptable for continuous automatic and rapid recording to avoid intermittent and slow manual recording systems, whereby the coin'- pos'er may work continuously and rapidly, devoting his entire' attention to the artistic work rather than the' mechanisms of manually recording the composition.

The devices shown comprise electrical contact meansr extending over and under the operating instrumentalities of a musical instrument to control not only according to the particular instrumentality operated but also according to the time of operation related to the time of operation of other instrumentalities and also according to the time during which any instrumentality is held operated. Each electrical contact device is connected to a photographic or electromechanical recording device arranged in proper position across the width of a moving band of plain or sensitized note lm or paper, which is in continuous and uniform motion, whereby the operation of any instrumentality will be caused to make a permanent note shape upon the paper in the proper spaced relationship to the stati lines to denote the proper tone quality acco1`^ding to the instrumentality operated. Operating in synchronism with the motion of the recording strip is an electrical commutator or timer for selecting in any of the note positions a particular one of several time value note shapes, for example, the le, M3, 1A, 1/2, 3A, andr Whole note shapes are selected in the order mentioned according to the time of depression of the related musical operating instrumentality.

Therefore, when a composer operates a key, the recording devices not only serve to select the tone values that he selects but also the time relationship that he selects for the particular note with relation to other notes selected with, before and after the particular note recorded.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for not only varying the speed of movement of any musical recording sheet according to various tempes but also coordinate and synchronize therewith an electrical commutator or timer for determining the time values of various notes which are recorded accurately to represent the actual sustaining time selected by the composer for the variable tempos.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means whereby the sharp and flat notations may `be recorded Wherever necessary by the relative positioning of photographic or electromechanical pairs of recording means adjacent to proper natural note recording members. As in the example shown, operation of the black keys of the piano cause operation of extra Contact de- E:

vices related to the two adjacent white keys, so that either of the white'key notations may be recorded along with the recording of a sharp or flat notation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means for automatically selecting a recording of either sharps or ats according to the wishes of the composer. A pair of pedals are provided to be operated by a foot of the composer to select the sharp and flat notation. Electrical circuits are vprovided for automatically selecting either sharp or flat notation selectively and dispense with the other selection made by the same key. The same sort of selection is made for each key separately when the pedals or levers are multiplied so that there is one pair for each black key.

An object of the invention is to provide improved means whereby each beat will be audibly indicated to the composer and whereby the first beat of every count will also be audibly and visibly indicated and with contrasting sound, so that the musician may perform in correct time relation to the particular speed or tempo and movement of the note sheet for which the recording machine is set. vided for observation at the instrument, whereupon the selected tempo may be noted and adjusted and whereupon the visual recording by a flashing light indicates the rst beat of every count or bar line of every measure.

The beat of the recording apparatus may be changed from time to time to correspond to various tempos such as presto, allegro, adagio, largo and lento.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a diagrammatic sectional elevation view of the music note print recorder showing representative piano key contacts and control circuits.

Fig. 2 shows a sample length of music strip, sheet or film upon which the notes and signs are recorded.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the sheet of a plural layered variety.

An operating panel is pro- Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation view of the bar indicator.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a few of the piano key contacts underlying the F, F sharp and G keys.

Fig. i is an elevation View of an alternative form of electrical contact closure device operable by a natural note key such as the F key.

Fig. 11 is an elevation view of contact closure devices of the kind shown in Fig. l0 but cooperating with a black key such as the F sharp key.

Referring to Fig. l, it is seen that the strip or sheet 2t is drawn from a roll 2! at the right and advanced over a curved guide or platen 22 to- Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic showing of the location of the sharp and flat recorders with respect to the staff lines on the recording sheet or film.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the recorder, a few representative keys and the pedals for controlling the recording of either Sharps or flat. This View also shows an alternative kind of recording for making photographic exposures of the music note shapes on lm.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a photographic shutter in one of the recording cells or :boxes of the recorder.

Fig. 'l shows one of the photographic masks or shields which is situated at the bottom of a photographic recording cell.

ward the left, where a pair of pin wheels 23 engage marginal holes therein. All the sheet feeding and recording devices are supported on a base 2iand between side frames (not shown).

Between the side frames there is fastened a heavy curved support frame 25 `upon which are mounted the recording devices and sheet tension rollers 26 and 2l.

Turning to Fig. 2, it is noted that the strip 2@ is prearranged with a complete set of printed staif lines 28, ybar lines 2t and beat lines 36], the vertical lines being optional and omitted when changes in time are contemplated. Marginal perforations 3i are uniform in spacing and size with the exception of the elongated perforations 32 opposite the lbar marker lines 28, These long perforations 32 are sensed by a .bar indicator for giving both visual and audible indications of the time of passage of a bar of music as pointed out more fully hereinafter.

Fig. 3 shows sheet 2, having an extra layer of removable carbon material 33 or any other eX- pedient known to leave a mark or impression when pressure is brought to bear in the form of a type shape.

Turning again to Fig. l, record roll 2l is seen to be supported on a standard St fastened to the base. Sheet Eil, before passing onto the platen, encounters the transverse tension roller 26 the ends of which are guided vertically in slots 3l formed in a pair of hangers 3S. After` passing the left end of platen 22, the sheet passes under the similar roller 2T suspended from hangers 39.

A motor M is connected by a belt l5 with a gear box il@ from which there projects a pinion il in mesh with an idler gear 48. idier i8 meshes also with a pinion i9 fastened to the shaft 5o carrying the pin feed wheels 23. The whole pin wheel assembly is rotatably supported between a pair of .bearing standards 5i fastened to the base.

Motor lVi is wired to the power source by wires 52 leading to a switch box 53 containing the main switch Eli. It is contemplated that this box 53 will be placed on or near the piano to be near the composer, so that not only will he be able to reach switch Bil for initiation of the sheet feed but also operate buttons 55--5S to vary the tempo from presto, allegro, adagio and largo to lento. The buttons control various resistances as selective rheostats to change the motor speed and sheet movement as desired. Another reason why box 53 should be near the composer is because it contains the iiashing light L for indicating the passage of bar marks '2d on the sheet past the initial print position.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that, after the motor M is started by switch Eiland regulated by a button 55-59, pin wheels 23 will be rotated counterclockwise and draw the sheet 2t from right to left under the printing devices at a desired speed.

There is given an audible indication of the passage of each beat line 3.0 (Fig. 2) pastr the recording station. Thisv is done by a cam; (Fig. l). fastened tothe shaft of a pin wheel El which is driven by the; marginal perforations 3l of the. note sheet 2.8.. Wheel 6| is so proportioned that each. revolution represents a sheet length ci one beat. For different times, diierent sizey vvheelsv 6i and different cam arrangements can be. used to sound out the beats. In the path of cam G is the free end of a lever 63 pivoted at 61'. Thev lever carries a Weight Which cooperates with asounding b oX 6'5. As the sheet 2D is advanced, Wheel El. is; rotated counterclockwise and cam 50 lifts lever 6 3 and' drops it on the sounding box to indicateY the beats of each measure.

The passage of each bar of note sheet area is indicated both visually and audibly as notedy in Fig. 8. There it is seen that adjacent the recording start position is placed a sensing finger which is electrically conductive and cooperating with a conductive part of platen 22. A compression spring presses the linger down on the sheet. The linger rests on the margin of the sheet 2Q. (Fig. 2) in the path of the inner portion of elongated openings 32 which, it will be rernembered, are coincident with the bar markings 2Q.. Therefore, upon the passage of each bar marking at. the initial print position finger 55 projects through the note sheet and establishes electrical contact momentarily. A circuit is established including wire 61, battery te, lamp L, bell lie, linger 6d and platen 22. As noted hereu inbefore, the lamp L is seated in the control box t; (Fig. l) to be located within easy reach and within the range of vision of the composer. The t sound indication given by the bell 69 is distinctive and readily differentiated from that given by the beat indicator box E5. When the composer is to start recording vhe will Wait for thel bar indication before striking the first note in order that thev notes may be properly placed with relation to the bar and beat lines.

A set of note recorders is provided for each note position on the recording sheet and correspending to each key of a piano. In Fig. l it is seen that eight note recorders are positioned' along the top of the heavy frame 25 and along the path of the record sheet as the path is from right to left over the platen 22. There is such a set of recording devices for each note line (Fig. 2), and each horizontal note space 'I3 provided for the complete range of piano key con trol' as shown on the record sheet. Although only one set of recording devices is shown, it will be realized that the others are duplicates thereof and function the saine as the manner about to be described.

The notel recorders are all of the same construction and vary mainly in the shape of the type faces for recording the various note shapes representative of diiferent times and of the sharp and flat notations. Since the note sheet is being advanced from right to left, the point at which sheet 2li comes on to the platen 2f at the right is the initial recording position, and the recording devices Vary in their note shapes from right to left according to the time interval through which the music passes and the sheet advances from right to left. Accordingly, the sharp and flat recorders SR and FR are placed at the extreme right and the note recording controls follow directly thereafter led by the -11-6- note recorder le-R. Continuing in a right to left order across the recording controls, it is seen that the 1A, note recorder lAgR is next and then further h to; the left is, the 1A note recorder IAR, followed in succession by the 1/2, 5%; and full note recorders 1/gla FAR; and` 1R.. Since all of these recorders are similar in construction with the exception of type face, it will be suflicient to describe` one, of; them, for example, the centralized 1/2 note recorder 1/R.

Each recorder includes a frame 'i9v securedI 'to the curved top of the main cross frame 25. Each recorder frame is shaped with a shelf upon which isl fastened an, operating magnet lidwith which there cooperates an L-shaped armatureA lever la pivoted at 'I2 on the frame l0. A compression spring 'l5 presses between a shelf andthe under side of thel armature lever and tends to holdit eleva-ted so that the lower end of its vertical por tion isv poised above the record sheet 2Q. The vertical portion, of the armature lever i3 projects through an opening 'I6 in the frame 25, and' the bottom end of the lever is formed with or carries. a type face shaped with the` well, known 1/2. note configuration. Frame 1B is formed with an upper hook-shaped projection 'ii overlying the; horizontal portion of armature lever "i3- to act as a stop for it and to dampen vibration when it is released to the non-print position. it, is apparent that. when magnet i4 is energized. lever 'I3 will be rocked in acounterclockwise ation and the lower end thereof Will be pressed or struck against the sheet 20 supported by the platen 22.

The other note printers function in the same fashion as that described in connection with the 1/2 note recorder l/gPt, the only difference being in the note shapes produced thereby and the circuit connections for varying their time of selection either before or after the 1/2 note recording, according to the length of time that the corresponding piano keyl is held down. As aboutv to be described in connection with the timing mechanism, when the piano key is struck sharply or held down for a very short interval of time, the le note recorder 115B, becomes eiective and for longer intervals of depression the other note recorders become progressively effective, only one of them being selected for any single note or single depression recording. The successive selection of a Whole set of recorders is effected. upon a depression of the piano key, but thev actual selection of the particular one of the six note recorders is dependent upon the time of release of the same piano key. In other Words, themagnet of any recorder is not energized immediately upon operation of a piano key but awaits the release of said key which determines the time interval and the proper note recording.

In order to effect time recording and note selection control, there is Wired in series with each set of note, recorders, and the contacts operated by the corresponding piano key, a timing commutator operated in synchronism with the ad vance of the record sheet. At the lower left corner of Fig. 1, it is seen that a pinion extends from the gear box 46 which, it will be remembered, is part of the driving mechanism for advancing the record sheet. In mesh With this pinion 80. is a gear 8| fastened to a commutator drive shaft B2 extending across the machine and supported in side frame bearings. Pivotally mounted on shaft 82 is a complete set of commutator contact arms 83, there being one for each note position and each set of recording devices. The hubs ofl arms 83 are recessed to receive magnetic clutches 84 and 85 which, when f l energized, clamp the related arm to the shaft 82 to partake of its counterclockwise motion.

The ends of the commutator levers 83 cooperate with separate sets of separated contact plates I-I, eN, IVSN, 1/4N, 1/2N, SAN and 1N, relating to the home position and to the le, lAg, 1A, 1/2, and full note recorders, respectively. The plates are arranged in an arcuate formation on an insulation frame 81 secured to base 24. The sets of plates are insulated from each other and the plates of each set are further separated by insulation to be electrically distinctive. There are end stops confining the swing of the levers in both directions.

As a piano key is struck, the related lever 83 starts to swing counterclockwise and contact with the plates TleN to 1N successively in the order of relation to notes of successively longer time value. At the recording time, the lever is declutched, stopped and, as an aid to gravity, an associated restoration coil 89 is energized to attract the lever extension 90 and pull the lever down rapidly to the home position and ready to start up to record another note. All restoration coils 89 are supported on a standard 9| fastened to the tcp of base 24.

It is noted hereinbefore that each set of recording elements shown in Fig. 1 contain, in addition to the six note printers, two flat and sharp recorders FR and SR. This allocation of sharp and flat recorders does not apply to all sets of note recorders because it will be remembered that on the keyboard of a piano the black keys do not appear between all natural note white keys; for example, between the E and F keys (Fig. there is no black key and, therefore, no call for the recording of E sharp or F flat. The absence of such sharp and at recorders is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4 by the blocks designated El and E2. There it is also noted that the sharp and flat recorders FR and SR related to the black key between the F and G keys are not both in alignment with the recording position of F. The sharp sign is in alignment with the space wherein F notes are recorded, but the at sign is elevated one step to coincide with the G line, because it is in association with the G note recording that the flat type is to operate when the black key is operated between the F and G keys and pedals are operated to select flat recording in preference to sharp recording. The positions of several of the other sharp and flat recorders are shown in proper alignment at theright of Fig. 4 and the omissions of the unnecessary recorders are also noted by the absence of signs and presence of cross hatching within the blocks between the various recorders.

At the top of Fig. 1 there are shown three views of two adjacent piano keys, the F key and the F sharp key FS. Although the showing of these keys is spread out, it will be understood that they are to remain in the positions they ordinarily occupy in the regular piano keyboard. It is also Well to note that these key and key contact showings are merely diagrammatic and representative of a full set of keys and key contacts cooperating with all of the keys of the full piano keyboard. In general, the contact associated with the key F at the left are related to circuits brought into operation when the natural note key is operated alone. The contacts and circuits associated with the key of the middle showing are related to circuits brought into operation by actuation of yblack keys, such as the F sharp key FS, in selecting the same circuits selected when the F key is operated alone. In other words, each black key has pairs of sets of circuits associated therewith for calling into operation the recording of either the adjacent natural note keys according to preselection of sharp or flat operation. In the illustration, it is assumed that selection for sharp recording is made and, therefore, when the black key FS is operated the circuits for recording F notes are called into play in preference to the recording of G notes when a at selection is made.

The key showing at the upper right hand corner of Fig. 1 relates to a pair of circuits operated directly by the F sharp key FS for selecting recording of either a sharp mark in association with an F note or a at mark in association with a G note.

Considering rst the ordinary recording of natural notes by the operation of white keys alone, for example, upon the depression of the F key and its subsequent release, a number of circuits are established for starting the commutator, stopping the commutator, eiecting recording and effecting restoration of the commutator. The contact devices are mounted in a U-Shaped insulation frame which has embedded therein a series of upper and lower Contact plates @6 and 91, there being a pair of such plates for each natural note key. Also mounted within said frame 95 is a pair of swinging contact blades Fn and Fn fastened to shoulders at the upper and lower part of the left end of the frame. The right ends of said blades Fn are free and resting upon the upper and lower surfaces of thenatural note key F. Immediately upon depression of the key F, a circuit is established for clutching the related commutator contact arm 83, said circuit including wire l, battery lill, Wire |62, clutch coil 85, the opposite clutch coil 85, Wire |63, contact blade Fn and contact plate Sl. By means of this circuit the commutator Contact arm is connected to shaft 82 and starts swinging counterclockwise to pass over the diierent note selecting plates eN, lAaN, etc. As long as the key is held depressed, the circuit described is the only one effective and remains effective until the time that the key is released, which is an indication of the length of time that the note was held and then other circuits :are called into effect to cause recording and restoration.

The recording circuit is established at the time the key is released and at the instant that the lower contact remains made and when the upper contact is established. The recording control circuit includes wire |65, battery |06, wire |01, commutator contact arm 83, and then to any one of the several note selecting plates, for eX- ample the '1/2 note contact plate 1/2N, wire |08, magnet lil, wires i, H0, and H2 to contact plate 96 and then through upper blade F12 connecting wire H3, lower blade Fn', plate 91, and back to wire |05. The circuit path through commutator lever 83 is possible because the lever is insulated with respect to the other electrical circuits associated therewith, for example, the clutch coils 3-11 and 85. The recording circuit is of a momentary duration but sumcient to cause energization of magnet 'ht to attract recording lever 'i3 and force it down on the record sheet 2c to place the impression of a .1/2 note in the F position between stailines.

At the instant that the recording operation is effected, it is desired to cause speedy restoration of the commutator arm, so that should a second F note follow rapidly upon the heels of the one recorded, the devices will be able to take up the timing of the new note and record the proper value. In order to facilitate restoration of the commutator arms, there is an attractive restoration magnet 89 associated with yeach arm and a circuit is established thereto upon the release of the associated key. The Icircuit includes the upper contact blade Fn, contact plate 96, wire IIS, magnet 89, wire IIB, battcry II'I, wire 118, back to the blade Fn.

The foregoing circuits relate to recording of natural notes directly through natural note keys. However, there are times when a black key is operated and a recording must be made of an adjacent natural note without the accompanying operation of the vnatural note key. For example, when the F sharp key is operated, it is not only effective to record a sharp mark alone, but the accompanying F note must be recorded along therewith. Although the showing in Fig. 1 relates to selection of recording an F note under control Aof the key FS, it will be Vrealized that a similar set of -circui-t connections are established to the adjacent G key contacts for selection of 'G .note recording when a selection is made to effect iat recording in preference to sharp recording. However, the circuits about to be dealt with are concerned with selecting F note recording under control of the F sharp key FS, assuming Vthat selection has heenmade for sharp recording in preference to flat recording. The two I.Contact blades Fs and Fs cooperating with the sharp key Fs are formed with lextending portions shown better in Fig. 9, where it is seen that they entend from underneath the F natural ykey 'over toward the right in the path of the upper and lower surfaces .of the F Sharp key Fs. Although only the bottom layer of contact blades is shown in Fig. 9, it is easy to imagine the other set of similar contact blades overlying the piano keys which are located between the two sets of contacts. For purposes of easy assembly, the U- shaped insulation contact holder 95 may be made in two or more parts assembled in recesses formed in the piano keyboard frame.

Turning now to the rst circuit selected by the depression of the F sharp key Fs (Fig. 1), it is noted that the contact blade Fs' is depressed against a separate contact plate 91s to which there is attached a wire 127i leading to the wire Il already described as forming part of the ordinary natural note start circuit. The circuit continues through battery IGI, armature clutch coils M and 85, wire M33, wire 121, contacts closed by a sharp selecting plate 2S and wire 122, back to the blade Fs. Therefore, the natural note control commutator is started from the sharp key as well as from the natural note key.

Recording under control of the sharp key is eiected in the same manner as it was under control of the natural note key, the only diierence being that the two contact blades Fs and Fs are operated by the black key and natural note recording is made selectable through the manipulative sharp and flat selectors. The circuit for recording is made at the time the sharp key is released and, at the instant that the upper `and lower blades are both eiective in connection with the stationary contact plates, the lower blade Fs contacts plate @'13, to which is attached wire IM to the sharp selection contacts closed by .plate 3S, and from there a wire |25 is Connested to the wire 155 already mentioned. The recording circuit continues through battery 106, wire lill, commutator arm 83, a commutator plate 10 such as 1/2N, wire 103, magnet T4, wires 109, 110 IiI, 126 to the upper contact plate 96s, blade Fs and wire I2'I connecting the upper and lower movable blades.

It will be understood that in order to avoid back circuits a number of circuit directing rectiers or other switching devices may be provided between the diil'erent circuits selected for natural, sharp or vdat note recording.

Another circuit selected by operation of the sharp key FS is that for effecting restoration of the commutator devices. This circuit includes the upper contact blade Fs, the stationary plate SES, wire 1315, wire H5, magnet S9, wire IIS, battery l1?, wire lill, wire 131, the sharp selection contacts closed by plate 4S, and wire 132 back to the blade Fs.

The sharp key FS has another function and that is to select immediate recording of either a sharp or flat notation to be placed on the record sheet immediately upon the operation of a black key. The sharp or nat mark so placed travels toward the left on the record sheet 20 and appears under the various related note recording positions in synchronism with the passage of time of the commutator selector. In other words, although the flat or sharp notation is made at the right oi the recorded devices, it is advanced proportionately toward the proper note printer which is to be selected as time advances. Therefore, the recordinOA of a note of the proper time value will be recorded in association with vthe sharp or iiat mark as it appears under the recording station. Returning to consideration of the circuit connections for effecting the recording of a sharp or fiat note (inthe present instance a sharp notation to be associated with the F note), it is seen in Fig. 9 that the centralized Contact blade FSc is directly under the black key.

Returning to l and the key view at the upper right corner, it is noted that under blade FSlc is provided a stationary contact plate 92's is so located in insulation frame 95 that its lef end is directly under the rounded portion or" the contact blade. The proportions are such that upon depression of the sharp key contact is established and immediately broken, because further movement of the blade FSlc in a downward direction causes the rounded portion to move toward the left away from the contact plate 91s. The sharp notation selecting circuit includes a wire 134, battery 35, magnet 36 in the sharp recording unit wire 131', the sharp selecting contacts closed by the sharp selecting plate iS, wire I38, Contact plate 97s and :blade FSC.

As an alternative to the selection of the sharp notation, selection of the iiat notation by the .same key FS is produced by closure of plate i upon its contacts in .preference to closure of plate IS upon its contacts. The resulting flat notation circuit is the same as that described, 'the only vdifference being its direction through the magnet of the flat recorder FR and the selection plate IF and the connecting wiring 149 and v1141.

Regarding the flat and sharp recording circuits shown in Fig. l, it is noted that they are independent of the ccmmutator. However, if desired, the sharp and at recording circuits can be directed through the commutator arm 83 and the home position contact plate H of the related note to insure that the notation is recorded early in the cycle to cooperate with the related natural note recording or Ynot at all.

The view shown in Fig. is mainly a repetition of the controls shownin Fig. 1 with the exception of disclosure of the sharp and fiat selection controls and the alternative mode of printing by photography instead of impact hammers. Most of the control circuits of Fig. l are repeated in Fig. 5 with the exception of the commutator arm restoring circuit. Fig. 5 also diil'ers in that a few representative piano keys are shown in a plan view rather than a side elevation.

Although in Fig. 5 the sharp and flat recording circuits are shown singly and separately associated with the E flat and F sharp keys, it will be understood that circuits of this kind are duplicated for each of the ilat keys and related circuits are also duplicated for each of the adjacent natural note keys. For example, the G key will have associated therewith not only its separate natural note circuits but also both of the G flat and G sharp recording controls associated With both adjacent black keys.

It is pointed out hereinbefore with reference to Fig. 1 that a number of selection plates iS to 4S and |F to 4F are associated with those circuits 'selective of either sharp or at printing notation. In Fig. 5 it is seen that these sets of four plates are separately mounted and controlled by foot pedals |56 and |5| which operate to lift them selectively into register with associated contacts. The sharp control pedal |5| carries a large oblong block of insulation represented diagrammatically at |53 for holding the sets of sharp plates for all the black keys. In a similar way the iiat selection control pedal |55` carries a block |52 for swinging all the sets of flat circuit controlling plates into contact with the related selection contacts of all black keys.

The pedal selection control described is an optional one in that it provides for complete iiat or sharp control across the entire keyboard. In other words, the selection is exible only to the degree of choosing one or the other of the hat or sharp notations. As an alternative to this, the pedals |50 and 15| may represent separate nger pieces or keys, each of which is controlling for only those four plates related to one black key, with the provision of a complete series of such hand operated pairs of at and sharp controls preferably located near the keyboard.

In other words, the recording of each black key representation could be selective or eliminated entirely at the will of the operator. Across any of the pairs of contacts opposite plates, such as IF and IS, there may be placed a switch to cause xed control, or such a switch in series could eiect control elimination regardless of the pedal positions.

Before tracing the recording control circuits shown in Fig. 5, it is believed best to explain the alternative method of recording by photography represented at the left side of Fig. 5 and in the adjacent Figs. 6 and 7. Taking, for example, the 1A note recorder 1/aP at the left side of Fig. 5, it is seen that the note recorder is located in a light-proof box NP which is fixed over an opening |68 which is either shaped to represent the note to be recorded as shown in Fig. 7 or is shaped square to be receptive at any plane along its length to a mask |6| in which an opaque material has a transparent shape representative of the 1A note. Within the recording box is a light tbulb |53 which is switched on automatically simultaneous with the actuation of magnets |64 for opening a pair of shutters |65 pivoted at |66 on the sides of the box. In the plan view (Fig.

6), it is seen that the shutters are mounted in cooperating pairs and drawn together by pairs of springs |61 attached to opposite shutters at their ends so as to normally hold them closed in upper position. When the cooperating pair of magnets |64 is energized, the two shutters are swung downwardly to form a centralized opening coincident with the mask opening |66 in the main frame 25F. Therefore, the light from bulb |63 is permitted to pass through the photographic recorder in the desired shape and be cast on the recording lm ZF. The circuits for causing such photographic exposure are arranged to be momentary in time and therefore a sharp image is recorded on the lm.

It is understood that there is a complete set of note recorders extending across the printing frame for the photographic recording control just as there is in the pressure printing control modification shown in connection with Fig, l. The sharp and fiat photographic recorders SP and FP are placed with relation to the associated natural note lines and spaces as shown in Fig. 4.

Returning now to consideration of the circuits for effecting recording through the sharp and flat selectors, it is noted that upon depression of the F sharp key FS a circuit is established for sharp recording including wire |38, contact plate IS, Wire |31, the sharp recorder SP, for energizing the enclosed bulb and the associated magnet |P. These two photographic controls may be wired in series or in parallel to be active at the same time and the related shutter is of a single form rather than dual as in connection with the natural note recorders. The circuit continues through wire |33, battery |35, wire |34 and contact FSc, said contact being effective in connection with a plate such as plate 91s (Fig. l).

As an alternative to the selection of a sharp notation control, a second circuit may be traced assuming that there is iiat selection. This circuit is shown in association with the E flat key EF for purposes of illustration spacing. However, it will be understood that the F sharp key FS has a similar set of controls which are not illustrated therewith because of the confusion of lines that would result from such a dual showing. The flat notation control circuit extends from under the E flat key EF, through wire l, contact plate 1F, wire 14|, the flat recorder FP, wire |33e, battery 35e, Wire l 35e, key contact EFIG, and the underlying contact plate connected to wire |40.

Along with the recording of the selected sharp and at notations there is a. selected recorder for the natural note which is also determined by selection plates 2S or 2F. These plates control the clutching of the commutator to start the timing devices for choosing the note of the proper time value. Assuming that the sharp notation control has been selected, then the commutator arm relating to the F note recorder is started swinging by the following circuit. Associated with the underlying F sharp contacts FS is the wire |2| extending to contacts cooperating With plate 2S. From there the circuit continues through wire |22, battery lill, wire |62, and through the clutch coils of magnets in related arm 83 and back through wire |03 to the contact plate opposite the movable blade Fs. This circuit remains established to continue the swing of the commutator arm as long as the related piano key is held depressed. A similar circuit is closed through the flat recording control as illustrated in connection with the E key. There the vcircuit includes wire -|2'|e, Contact plate 2F, wire |22e, battery lille, wire |026, the clutch coil in the 'ccmmuta'tor arm 8`3 relating to the E note recorder and back to the key contacts through wire lose to the movable blades Ef lunderlying the E and E .atkeys When 'the key is lifted, the recording circuit is established through the commutator along the following path. Assuming that the sha-rp notation has been selected, then the circuit passes through wire |24, plate -3S, wire |25, wire |05, battery 40B, wire |01, lari/n -83, c'ommutator vplate |Nf, wire |53 to the .le note recorder TEP, wire 09, wire H2, and over to the sharp selection blade Fs, and then lthrough the underlying contact plate and over to the wire 1| 24 to complete the Vcircuit.

lShould the flat notation be selected in preference to the sharp notation, then the natural note recording `under control of the adjacent black key EF is selected by a circuit as follows: wire |249, plate 3F, wire |256, vbattery |0Ee, wire |-01e, arm `33, commutator plate lNe, wire |03c, the 1/8 note recorder l/8P, wire lege, wire |2e, and contact blade Ef cooperating with contact plate connected to wire |246.

The commutator restoring circuits associated with selection plates 4S and 4F are not shown, since they rnerely act to pull down the commutator arms. In tracing the recorder control cirt cuits to the `photographic units at the left in Fig. 5, it is realized that certain of the units re late to the E key while others relate to the key and, therefore, they will be in two 'separate lines 'of recorders. sample circuits traced, the V8 note recorder 1/B-P and the flat notation recorder AFP are one step nearer the observer of Fig. 5 than the'other three photographic recorders shown.

As an alternative to the contact blades shown in cooperation with the piano keys of Figs. land 5, there are provided the contact closing devices shown in Figs. v10 and l1, the iirst mentioned figure showing contacts associated with a natural note key, such as F, and the other view showing the contacts associated with a black key such as F sharp key FS. In Fig. l0 it is shown that underlying the vF key is a standard |1-l'J upon which is pivoted at AHl a lever |12, the upper end -of which is in Contact with the lower portion of the piano key. Cooperating with the'top 'edge of lever |12 is the lower blade of a, pair of contacts Fna which are closed immediately upon depressionof the key and remain closed as long as the ykey Ais operated.

Pivoted at |13 on lever |12 is a flipper |14 with an loffset projection |15 cooperating with two upper blades of pairs of contacts Fn'c and Fab which'are not operated on the down stroke of the piano key. The reason they 'are'not operated is apparent from the construction of flipper '|14 which is held in position by spring I|16 connected "to a Vstop lug |11 on the flipper which is Aso located that upon clockwise movement of lever A|112 the flipper is permitted to turn in a counterclockwise direction and escape past the vends of the contact blades. However, whenthe piano key is released a spring |18 attached to the lever pulls down the ipper and then said flipper is pressed through the extension |11 and acts in a rpositive manner 4to depress the upper blades and close the pairs of contacts Fnd and Foc momentarily to cause printing and restoration of the commutator devices. It .is-evident that contacts Fna'can be connected in the circuit between wires |520 In order to 'coincide with the A '14 -and 103 (Fig. 1') lto take the place of contact Fn and plate 91. Contacts Fnb and .Fnc can be substituted for the other controls of the natural note circuits.

In Fig. 11 it is seen that associated with a black key FS is a lever |12' operating -in the same fashion as the lever |12 described with reference to Fig. 10. This lever1 |12 also carries a flipper |14 which is similar in construction and operation to the flipper |14 (Fig. l0) already mentioned. It cooperates with the upper blades of pairs of contacts Fsb and Fsc which leads to sharp or ilat controls before being connected to the circuits rforthe natural note recording and restoring mechanisms. Resting on the upper part of lever |12 is the lower blade of a pair of contacts Fsc for energizing 'the commutator in a fashion somewhat similar 'to that exercised by the contacts Fna of Fig. 10 and Fs of Fig. 1.

The other Adifference shown between controls of Fig. 11 over those in Fig. 10 is that residing in the provision of the extra ipper we pivoted at |8| near the top of lever |12. This flipper is provided for the purpose of making anearly and instantaneous closure of a circuit to the nat or sharp recorder. In the present instance the cooperating contact is identified as contact FSka, the lower blade of which `is raised immediately upon the clockwise rotation oi lever i12 by a depression of the F sharp key FS'. The closure ismomentary before the escape of the flipper past the lower blade, and upon the return stroke of lever |12", and there is no further action because the extension on the flipper then moves away from the supporting lever and is snapped back into the normal position by .a spring 82 drawn between the two flippers. Contact FSM may be substituted for-the contact FSR: offFig. l.

If the construction is independent of sharp and lflat selection control, lthen the lever |15.l shown in Fig. 10 may be used in cooperation with the black key shown `in Fig. 1l by merely placing an offset extension thereon to underlie the related sharpor flat key. However, in the Vconstruction shown itis possible that the black key may be representative of either adjacent natural note key. Therefore, in Fig. 11 in addition to the lever |12', which is representative of :F sharp recording, there yis also present a similar lever which is representative and controlling over contacts Kleading to circuits for effecting a G note record- 1ingalongwith a Gflat notation. When the black key is independent of selective sharp or nat control levers, suchia's |12 and GF, there is still need of alever 'for 'carrying a flipper such as ilipper it to 'control the eiiectinCr of sharp or fiat notation along with the depression of the black key.

While there have been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a modification. it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the forni and details of the Idevice illustrated and in its roperation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indic'ated by the scope ci the following claims.

What isclailned is:

l. In a music recorder, a series of photographic 'music note recording elements, a manipulative part of an instrument, means under control of said part for selecting one of said elements according to the time interval between operation Vand release-of-said part, and means for record- 15 ing a note shape on a lm under control of the selected element.

2. In a music recorder, a plurality of sets of photographic music note recording elements, a timer for each set of said recording elements, a manipulative control for each of said timers, said control being vibrated in connection With operation of a musical instrument, and means cooperating With said control and aiTected by said vibrations to cause said timer to select one of a series of said recording elements, and means cooperating with said recording element for recording a note shape on a lm.

3.. In a music recording device, a set of keys, photographic recording instrumentalities including a plurality of note recording members with electrical connections to each of said keys, means under control of said keys for selecting one of said recording members for each operated key according to the time interval of operation, and means for eiecting photographic music note recording under control of the selected members.

4. In a device for recording music on a sheet with a full staff area for recording notes, sets of photographic devices, one set for each note position, each set comprising masks for a series of note shapes, a plurality of manipulative operating controls for a musical instrument, and means under control of selected ones of said operating controls for directing light through selected masks of said devices.

5. In a music recording device, a set of operating keys, recording instrumentalities with a plurality of lightproof boxes containing note shaped masks for each key, light flashing means for said boxes, means under control of each key as determined by the duration of operation thereof for selecting one of each plurality of boxes and dashing said light means therein, and means for continuously advancing a recording lm under the masks of said boxes to receive photographic impressions of music note shapes directed there- 6. The combination set forth in claim 5, Wherein said lightproof boxes each contain shutter devices which are electrically controlled to be opened simultaneously With the operation of the light dashing means.

7. In a device for recording musical notation on a note strip under control of a musical instrument With operating instrumentalities, a series of photographic recording means located in alignment in juxtaposition With the sensitized surface or" said note strip, and means under control of said operating instrumentalities for operating one or more of said photographic means to record on said strip actual note shapes displaced on the strip according to the tone values of the operated instrumentalities.

8. The invention according to claim 7 characterized by the provision of a plurality of sets of photographic means, each set relating to a particular tone value and various photographic means of a set relating to the dierent time values of the particular tone, and means associated with each operating instrumentality for timing the operating interval thereof and thereby selecting the sets and particular photographic means oi the set to record actual note shapes of a tone and time value in the proper staff positions on the note strip.

9. The invention according to claim Ti characterized by the provision of sharp and flat photographic recording means, and means under con- 16 trol of the operating instrumentalities for selecting operation of said sharp and flat photographic recording means along with the recording of related natural note photographic recording means.

10. In a music recording device operated by an instrument with operating instrumentalities, a plurality of sets of photographic recording means each comprising a light source, a shutter and a mask shaped with one of a plurality of music note shapes, and means under control of said operating instrumentalities for operating the lights and shutters ci selected photographic recording means.

11. The invention set forth in claim 10, further characterized by the provision of pairs of lights and shutters and sharp and flat masks related to sets of natural note photographic recording means, and means for selectively operating either of said sharp or ilat, lights and shutters in cooperation With the operation of the natural note photographic recording means.

l2. The combination set forth in claim 10 wherein the light source is common to all recording means and independent of said operating instrumentalities.

13. In a music recording device for recording on a note strip under control of the operating instrumentalities of a musical instrument, a pair of electrical contacts arranged under and another pair of contacts arranged over said operating instrumentalities, recording devices, means under control of said pair of contacts under said instrumentalities for initiating operation of said recording devices, and means under control of said another pair of overlying contacts operated by said instrumentalities for terminating operation of said recording devices.

14. The invention set forth in claim i3, iurther characterized by the provision of sharp and flat controls With overlapping contact devices common to said sharp and flat controls and natural note instrumentalities, and means under control of the sharp and flat controls for operating the electrical control means of adjacent natural note instrumentalities.

15. Musical composition writing apparatus, including means for selectively propelling a band of music score paper at any one of several predetermined speeds, Whose ratio to each other is more or less approximately the metronomic ratio between the several metronomic tempes, a series of sets of electromagnetic natural note markers and intermediate note markers in operative juxtaposition to said band and extending across the band in operative alignment to the corresponding natural staff positions, and arranged to make an impression on the paper, a piano keyboard with natural and intermediate (sharp or iiat) keys, electric circuit contacts disposed above and beneath each natural key of the piano keyboard, and adapted to be operated thereby, other electric circuit contacts corresponding to each intermediate key which is also effective to operate the iirst mentioned contacts beneath and above the natural key immediately adjacent to it, a timing commutator selector arm for each set of markers, electric circuits to magnetic clutch means between said propelling means and each selector arm, with each arm started in operation by closure of related natural and intermediate contacts, other electric circuits connected to each of said electrical circuit contacts of the natural keys and through a related selector arm to the electromagnetic markers corresponding to the natural notes for moving one of said markers into contact with the paper, and other electric circuits connected to each of said other contacts beneath and above each of the intermediate (sharp or iiat) keys and each of said intermediate note electromagnetic markers, for moving said markers into marking position for each movement of a related intermediate key, and for thereafter releasing the marker from the marking position, and still other electric circuits for each of said electric circuit contacts beneath and above each key including electromagnetic restoring means for the operated arms.

16. The method of recording musical notation directly from a played instrument, comprising the steps of feeding a photographic film at a sclected rate, operating a contacter at the same rate, manipulatively starting and stopping said contactor, selecting a note shape by virtue of the elapsed timing of said contactor, and opening and closing'photographic shutter devices to iiash images of selected music note shapes on said nlm.

17. In a music recording device for recording on a coated paper strip, actual note shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc., notes of the entire range, and sharp and flat marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a complete set of staff lines extending lengthwise of the strip, and measu-re lines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, said strip having marginal feed perforations with spaced special perforations coinciding with the measure length, pairs of contacts under and over each white natural note key, other pairs of sharp and flat control contacts for each natural note white key cooperating with adjacent black keys and operated thereby, pairs of contacts for each black key, pedal operated selecting means for making effective either the sharp or fiat contacts operated by the black keys, a motor, a switch therefor, a series of speed changing tempo devices cooperating with said motor, manipulative tempo controls for said speed changing devices, toothed feeding means cooperating with the paper strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a toothed timing means operated by said marginal perforations, cam means on said timing means, sounding devices operated by said cam means to sound beat intervals, a sensing means resting on said strip in alignment with said margin perforations to detect the special measure length perforations, light flashing means and sounding means under control of said sensing means for indicating the appearance of a measure line at the recording position and the passage of a measure length on the strip, a common panel containing said switch, said tempo controls and said measure indicating means for placement near the piano, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising sharp, nat, 11g note, 1A; note, 1A note, 1/2 note, note, and Whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, magnets for operating the recording devices, dual circuit connections between said black key contacts, the pedal operated selecting means and the sharp and flat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, electrical contact sectors, one for each white key, said sectors having individual contact segments connected to the magnets for the 11g note, 1/8 note, etc., recording de- 18 vices in the order mentioned, contact arms for said sectors, one arm normally alongside each segment for the 11g note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronism with the passage of the record receiving point on the strip under the related recording devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting each arm to the drive gearing, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, triple starting circuit connections from the three pairs of contacts under a white key for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, one oi' the triple connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple recording circuit connections from the pairs of contacts over and under a. white key and operated by the release thereof for energizing a selected one of the recording magnets according to the duration of key depression, one of said triple recording connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple restoring circuit connections from the three pairs of contacts over a white key for operating the related restoring means to restore said arm when the key is released, one of said triple restoring connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, whereby sharp, ilat and natural note shapes of diierent time values can be recorded in the proper positions on said staff lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

18. In a music recording device for recording on a paper strip actual note shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and at marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a complete set of stair lines 'extending lengthwise of the strip, and measure lines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, said strip having marginal feed perforations, pairs of contacts under and over each white natural note key, other pairs of sharps and fiat control contacts for each natural note white key cooperating with adjacent black keys and operated thereby, pairs of contacts for each black key, pedal operated selecting means for making effective either the sharp or iiat contacts operated by the black keys, a motor, toothed feeding means cooperating with the paper strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising sharp, flat, le note, 1A; note, 1A; note, 1/2 note, 3A note, and whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, magnets for operating the recording devices, dual circuit connections between said black key contacts, the pedal operated selecting means and the sharp and dat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, electrical contact sectors, one for each w-hite key, said sectors having individual contact segments connectedto thel magnets for the 1% note, 1/8 note, etc., recording devices in the order mentioned, contact arms for said sectors, one arm normally alongside each segment for the 1% note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronism with the passage of the record receiving point on'the strip under the related recording devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting each arm to the drive gearing, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, dual Starting circuit connections from said pairs ci contacts under a white key vfor operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, one of the dual connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other connection being operable by the contacts of the adjacent black key and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said other connection passes, dual recording circuit connections from the pairs of contacts over and under a white key and operated by the release thereof for energizing a selected one of the recording magnets according to the duration of key depression, one of said dual recording connections being operable directly by the contacts of the whitel key and the other connection being operable by the contacts of the adjacent black key and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said connection passes, dual restoring circuit connections from the said pairs of contacts over a white key for operating the related restoring' means to restore said arm when the key is released, one of said dual restoring connections being'operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other connection being operable by the contacts of the adjacent black key and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said connection passes, whereby sharp, fiat and natural note shapes of dierent time values can be recorded in the proper positions on said start` lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

19. In a music recording device for recording on a paper strip actual note shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and flat marks associated therewith under control of the manipulative controls of a musical instrument, said strip being ruled with a complete set of stai lines extending lengthwise of the strip, andY measure lines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, said strip having marginal feed perforations, pairs` of contacts under and over each of said controls, other pairs of sharp and at control contacts for each of said controls, toothed feeding means cooperating with the paper strip, a train ,of gearing between said motor and said feeding mea-ns, a sensing means resting on said strip in alignment with said margin perforations to detect the special measure length perforations, means under control of said sensing means for indicating the appearance of a measure line at the recording position and the passage of a measure length on the strip, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note and comprising sharp, at, le note, 1/8 note, 1A; note, 1/2 note, note, and whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, magnets for operating the recording devices, electrical contact sectors, one for each of said controls, said sectors having individual contact segments connected to the magnets for the le note, 1A; note, etc., recording devices in the order mentioned, contact arms for said sectors, one arm normally alongside each segment for the note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronisrn with the passage of the record receiving point on the strip under the related recording devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting each arm to the drive gearing, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, starting circuit connections from the contacts under a control for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related control is operated, recording circuit connections from the pairs of contacts over and under a control and operated by the release thereof for energizing a selected one oi the recording magnets according to the duration of control operation, restoring circuit connections from the pairs of contacts over a control for operating the related restoring means to restore said arm when the control is released, whereby sharp, flat and natural no-te shapes of different time values can be recorded in the proper positions on said stan lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

20. In a music recording device for recording on a paper strip actual note shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and at marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a complete set of stair lines extending lengthwise of the strip, and measure lines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, said strip having marginal feed perorations, pairs of operating instrumentalities under and over each white natural note key, other pairs of sharp and nat control instrumentalities for each natural note key cooperating with adjacent black keys and operated thereby, pairs of operating instrumentalities for each black key, pedal operated selecting means for making eiective either the sharp or flat instrumentalities operated by the black keys, a motor, toothed feeding means cooperat ing with the paper strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising sharp, flat, eg note, 1/8 note, 1/4 note, 1/2 note, 3A; note, and whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, means for operating the recording devices, dual connections between said black key contacts, the pedal operated selecting means and the sharp and flat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, note selectors, one for each white key, said selectors having individual selecting means for the le note, V8 note, etc., recording devices in the order mentioned, a selector arm normally near the selecting means for the Tie note and provided to cooperate with the selecting means successively in synchronism with the passage of. the record receiving point on the strip under the related recording devices, a clutch forv connecting each arm to the drive gearing, a restoring means for each larm, triple starting connections from the three pairs of operating instrumentalities under a white key for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, one of the` triple connections being operable directly by the white key and the other two connections being operable by one or the other. ofthe adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which. said two connections pass, triple recording connections from the pairs of operating instrumentalities over and under a white key and operated by the release thereof for controlling a selected one of the recording means according to the duration of key depression, one of said triple recording connections being operable directly by the white key and the other two connections being operable by one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple restoring connections from the three pairs of operating instrumentalities over a white key for operating the related restoring means to restore said arm when the key is released, one of said triple restoring connections being operable directly by the white key and the other two connections being operable by one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, whereby sharp, ilat and natural note shapes of vdifferent time fvalues can be recorded in the proper positions on said staff lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

21. In a music recording device for recording on a strip actual note shapes of whole, half, threequarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and fiat marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with 'a complete set of staff lines extending lengthwise of the strip, pairs of contacts under and over each white natural note key, other pairs of sharp and at control contacts for each natural note key cooperating with adjacent black keys and operated thereby, pairs of contacts for each black key, pedal operated selecting means for making eifective either the sharp or fiat contacts operated by the black keys, a motor, feeding :means cooperating with the strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising sharp, flat, Tg note, 1A; note, 1/4 note, l/2 note, 3X; note and whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, magnets for operating the recording devices, dual circuit connections between said black key contacts, the pedal operated selecting means and the sharp and iiat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, electrical contact sectors, one for each white key, said sectors having individual contact segments connected to the magnets for the note, 1A, note, etc., recording devices in the order mentioned, contact arms for said sectors, one arm normally alongside each segment for the le note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronism with the passage of the record receiving point on the strip under the related recording devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting each arm to the drive gearing, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, triple starting circuit `connections from the three pairs of contacts under a white key for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, one of the triple connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple recording circuit connections from the pairs of contacts over and under awhite key and operated by the release thereof for energizing a selected one ofthe recording magnets 'according to the direction of key depression, one of said triple recording connections being operable directly by the :contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys fand selected by the connctins pass, tripl rstring circuit connc pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple restoring circuit connections from the three pairs of contacts over a white key for operating the related restoring means to restore said arm when the key is released, one of said triple restoring connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, whereby sharp, fiat and natural note shapes of different time values can be recorded in the proper positions on said staff lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

22. In a music recording device for recording on a paper strip actual note shapes of whole,

f half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and flat marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a complete set of staff lines extending lengthwise of the strip, pairs of contacts cooperating with each white natural note key, other pairs of sharp and flat control contacts for each natural note key cooperating with adjacent black keys and operated thereby, pairs of contacts for each black key, pedal operated selecting means for making effective either the sharp or flat contacts operated by the black keys, a motor, feeding means cooperating with the paper strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising sharp, fiat, ,-16 note, 1A; note, 1A note, l note, 3A note, and whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, magnets for operating the recording devices, dual circuit connections between said black key contacts, the pedal operated selecting means and the sharp and flat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, electrical contact sectors, one for each white key, said sectors having individual contact segments connected to the magnets for the 115 note, 1/8 note, etc., recording devices in the order mentioned, contact arms for said sectors, one arm normally alongside each segment for the le note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronism with the passage of the record receiving point on the strip under the related recording devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting eac'h arm to the drive gearing, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, triple starting circuit connections from the three pairs of contacts operated by a white key for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, one of the triple connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple recording circuit connections from the pairs of contacts cooperating with a white key and operated by the release thereof for energizing a sea lected one of the recording magnets laccording to the duration of key depression, one of said triple recording connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple restoringfcircuit connections from the three pairs of contacts cooperating with a white key for operating the related restoring means to restore said arm when the key is released, one of said triple restoring connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts oi one or the other of the adjacent black kkeys and selected by the pedal operated selecting means through which said two connections pass, whereby sharp, flat and natural note shapes of diierent .time values can be recorded in the proper positions on said stair lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

23, In a music recording device for recording on a strip actual note shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and flat marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a .complete set of staff lines extending lengthwise of the strip, and measure lines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, said strip havingr marginal feed perforations with spaced special perforations representing measure length, pairs of controls cooperating with each white natural note key, other pairs of sharp and at controls for each natural note key cooperating withl adjacent black keys and operated thereby, pairs of controls for each black key, manipulative selecting means for making effective either the sharp or iiat controls operated by the black keys, a motor, a series of speed changing tempo devices cooperating with said motor, manipulative tempo controls for said speed changing devices, toothed feeding means cooperating with the paper strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a toothed timing means operated by said marginal perforations, sounding devices operated by said timing means to sound beat intervals, a sensing means resting lon lsaid strip in alignment with said margin perforations to detect the special measure length perforations, light flashing means and sounding means under control of said sensing means Vfor indicating the appearance of a measure line at the recording position and the passage of a measure length on the strip, a cornmon panel containing said tempo controls and said measure indicating means for placement near the piano, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising sharp, at, note, 1/8 note, 1A; note, lAg note, 9%; note and whole note recording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, connections between said black key contacts, the manipulative selecting means and the sharp and nat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, timing selection devices cooperating with said sets of recording devices tc select but one device of each set, and means under control of the controls of each white key in cooperation with the timing devices for operating a recording device of the related set according to the duration of key depression, whereby sharp, fiat and natural note rshapes of differentA time values can be recorded in the proper vertical and horizontal positions on said stai lined strip as the corresponding 'music is played.

24. In a music recording device for recording on a strip actual note .shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a com-plete set of stafi lines `extending lengthwise of the strip, and measurelines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, pairs of contacts cooperating with each note key, a motor, feeding means cooperating with the strip, operating connections between said motor and said feeding means, a plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for each natural note key on the piano .and comprising note, 1/8 note, 1A; note, V2 note, BA note, and whole note lrecording devices, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in .the direction of ieed of the strip, magnets for operating the recording devices, electrical contact sectors, one for each key, said sectors having individual contact segments connected to the magnets for the s note, 1/8 note, etc. recording devices in the order mentioned, contact arms for said sectors, one arm normally alongside each segment for the g note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronism with the passage of the record receiving point on the strip under the related recording devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting each arm to the drive connections, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, starting circuit connections from the pair of contacts cooperating with va key for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, recording circuit connections from the pair of contacts cooperating 4with a key and operated by the release thereof and through a related segment 'and contact arm for energizing a selected one of the recording magnets according to the duration of key depression, restoring circuit connections from the pair of contacts cooperating with la key for operating the related restoring means to restore said .arm when the key is released, whereby note shapes of dierent time values can be recorded in the proper positions on said staii' lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

25. In a photographic music recording device for picturing on a nlm strip actual note shapes of whole, half, three-quarter, etc. notes of the entire range and sharp and at marks associated therewith under control of the keys of a piano, said strip having marginal feed periorations with spaced indicia representing measure length, pairs of contacts under and over each lwhite natural note key, other pairs of sharp and at control contacts for each natural note key cooperating with .adjacent black keys and operated thereby, other pairs of contacts for each black key., manipulative selecting means for closing circuit connections to either the sharp or flat contacts operated by the black keys, a motor, a series of speed changing tempo devices cooperating with said motor, manipulative tempo controls -ior said speed changing devices, feeding means cooperating with the paper strip, a train of gearing between said motor and said feeding means, a toothed timing means operated by said marginal periorations, sounding devices operated by said timing means to sound beat intervals, a sensing means resting on said strip in alignment with said strip `margin to detect the special measure indicia, light flashing means and sounding means under control of said sensing means for indicating the appearance of a measure line at the recording position and the passage of a measure length on the strip, a commonpanel containing said tempo controls and said measure indicating means for placement near the piano, a plurality of sets of photographic recording devices with a light source and shutters, one set for each natural note key on the piano and comprising pictures of sharp, at, le note, 1/8 note, 1A note, ,1/2 note, 3A note, and Whole note shapes, said recording devices being arranged in the order mentioned in the direction of feed of the strip, magnets for operating the shutters of the recording devices, dual circuit connections between a pair of said black key contacts, the manipulative selecting means and the magnets of the sharp and flat recording devices whereby the shutter of either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, electrical contact sectors, one for each white key, said sectors having individual contact segments connected to the magnets for the le note, 1A; note, etc., photographic devices in the order mentioned, a contact arm normally alongside each segment for the 1l; note and provided to contact with the segments successively in synchronism iwith the passage of the photo receiving point on the strip under the related photographic devices, a magnetic clutch for connecting each arm to the drive gearing, a magnetic restoring means for each arm, triple starting circuit connections from the three pairs of contacts under a white key for operating the related clutch to start the arm swinging when a related key is depressed, one of the triple connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the manipulative selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple recording circuit connections from the pairs of contacts over and under each white key and operated by the release thereof for energizing a selected one of the shutter operating magnets according to the duration of key depression, one of said triple re- -cording connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the manipulative selecting means through which said two connections pass, triple restoring circuit connections from the three pairs of contacts over a white key for operating the related restoring means to restore said arm when the key is released, one of said triple restoring connections being operable directly by the contacts of the white key and the other two connections being operable by the contacts of one or the other of the adjacent black keys and selected by the manipulative selecting means through which said two connections pass, whereby sharp, flat and natural note shapes of different time values can be photographed in the proper positions on said lm as the corresponding music is played.

26. In a music recording device for recording on a strip, sharp and flat marks associated with note recordings under control of the keys of a piano, said strip being ruled with a complete set of stai lines extending lengthwise of the strip, and measure lines across the strip with intermediate beat lines, pairs of sharp and flat control contacts for each natural note white key cooperating with adjacent black keys and operated key, selectingmeans for making effective either the sharp or flat contacts operated bythe black keys, a motor, feedingl means cooperating With the strip, connections between said motor and said feeding means, a -plurality of sets of recording devices, one set for eachnatural note key on the piano and comprisingsharp and ilat recording devices, magnets foroperating the recording devices, dual circuit connections-between said black key contacts, said selecting means and the sharp and flat recording devices whereby either device is operated momentarily by a key depression, whereby sharp and flat note shapes can be recorded in the proper positions on said staff lined strip as the corresponding music is played.

27. In a musical control apparatus, an operating instrumentality, a rst electrical contact closing device operated by said instrumentality and held closed as long as said instrumentality is operated, a second contact device operated by said instrumentality and closed momentarily at the start of the operation of said instrumentality, and a third contact device operated by said instrumentality and closed momentarily at the end of the operation of said instrumentality.

28. The combination set forth in claim 2'7, wherein a musical note recording device is controlled to record note shapes on a sheet, a plurality of note recorders for each note value, sharp and flat recorders, a timing device for selecting one of the plural note recorders according to timing of the operating instrumentality, means under control of said iirst device for controlling said timing device, means under control of said second device for controlling operation of said sharp and fiat recorders, and means under control of said third device for stopping said timing device and effecting recording by the selected note recorder.

29. In a music recording device controlled by the operating keys of an instrument, means under control of the keys for recording the natural notes, pairs of sets of fiat and sharp notation recorders adjacent certain of the natural note recording means, a plurality of selecting means each of which is associated with one related pair of sharp and iiat recorders to make operable one or the other and selected adjacent natural note recording means, and means under control of the keys for operating the operable sharp and at recorders and the selected natural note recording means.

30. The combination set forth in claim 29, in which said selecting means for sharp and flat recordings are associated in gangs and operable as a unit, and manipulative means for -operating said gangs of selecting means to select either sharp or ilat notation.

31. In a device for recording musical notation on a note strip under control of a musical instrument with operating instrumentalities, a series of photographic recording means located in alignment in juxtaposition with the sensitized surface of said note strip, means under control of said operating instrumentalities for operating one or more of said photographic means to record on said strip actual note shapes displaced on the strip according to the tone values of the operated instrumentalities, sharp and fiat photographic recording means, means under control of the operating instrumentalities for selecting operation of said sharp and flat photographic recording means along with the recording of related 27 natural note photographic recording means, and means for selecting the recording of either sharp or flat photograph-ic recording means to the exclusion of the other of the two intermediate note photographic recording means.

EDWARD J. CLARK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

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